Community Emergency Preparedness and Response Oral Presentation Research Paper

Community Emergency Preparedness and Response Oral Presentation - Research composition ExampleThe five boroughs make up the counties. The Staten Island is in Richmond County, Brooklyn is in the King County, the Bronx is in the Bronx County. The promote is found in Queens County and Manahattan, New York County. In 1898, the five boroughs were merged to form a iodine city. In area,Queens is the largest County, because it holds 108 substantial miles,while Brooklyn has the highest population containing 2.3 million residents as estimated by the census conducted in 1990. The 2012 census in New York estimated the population to be 8,33697 within an area of 783.8 straightforwardly kilo meters. New York City is referred to the about diverse city in terms of linguistics because residents there speak over 800 different languages. The metropolitan Area, in New York City is the most populated in The United States, with 18.9 million residents occupying an area of 17,1400 consecutive kilo mete rs (Carroll, 2012). See the illustration below Retrieved on March 26, 2013, from, http//freepages.genealogy.rootsweb.ancestry.com/genealogylinks/dmst/%20-dmstgfx/NY/NYC-5B.gif Population New York is the third superior state in population. California and Texas take first and second place respectively. As portrayed by the 2010 census, the population of New York residents was at 19,378,102, an aggrandizement of more than 400,000 people. The 2000-2006 transition in population was as a result of natural causes such as birth and death. During that period, the total population was 601,779 persons in that the number of births which was 1,576,125 get off the ground the number of deaths which was 974,346 less the residents migrating who added up to 422,481 persons. Retrieved on March 26, 2013, from, http//climatechange.thinkaboutit.eu/scripts/tinymce/jscripts/tiny_mce/plugins/imagemanager/files/nyc_population.png Geographic New York City is situated at the meeting point of the Atlantic Ocea n and River Hudson, South East of The State Of New York. The city is touch by three islands, Staten Island, Manhattan And Western dogged Island. This is the reason why the city is densely populated collectable to the scarcity of land. River Hudson flows the Hudson Valley and enters New York Bay, resulting to a tidal bay, demarcating Northern New Jersey from Manahattan and Bronx. Harlem River, is another tidal anchorage, separating the Bronx from Manhattan. The New York City counties sprawl between two Eastern North American provinces bordering each other. Long Island, the location of Queens and Brooklyn are constituted in the plains of East Coast. Long Island, a huge ridge was formed at the Southern Borderline of the Laurentide Ice Sheet in the last glacial period. Newark catchment area is an incrustation of the earth that subsided during the decomposition of the Supercontinent Pangaea in the Triassic period. The area which New York City occupies is approximated to be 831.4 squ are kilometers. Be that as it may, an estimation done more recently states that the area is now at 784.4 square kilometers. Todt Hill is said to be the most apical natural point situated on Staten Island at 124.9 meters preceding(prenominal) sea level. Retrieved on March 26, 2013, from, http//www.ny.com/images/nycmap-s.gif Physical Features The City Of New York has many physical features including The Broklyn Bridge, a historical landmark which has an earth bound footer and a bicycle alley set above the avenues of traffic. The bridge is used by residents and tourists to cross from one view point on the river to the other.

Outline of three ideas Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Outline of three ideas - Essay Exampleatrons for such expeditions however, there are numerous fishing businesses that depend almost exclusively on the catches they obtain through more destructive mid- and deep-level trawling. These businesses could be encouraged, through law or regulation, to offset some of their harmful by-catch (the killing of valued or endangered animals such as dolphins, turtles or sharks) by returning a specific amount of charge plate catch for every 5 live catches, for example.Drainage filters throughout our cities and towns are necessary to protect our water and food supplies. Filters would work to discredit the amount of trash that enters the oceans and pollutes the fishing industry. They could be installed in storm drains throughout the cities making the city dwellers and the cities themselves obvious patrons of the system and help prevent some of the plastics that are making their stylus into the ocean and poisoning the fish. Beca habituate of land ef fects of plastic on the fishing industry, this industry might similarly be interested in being patrons, helping with educating the public and helping with other marketing efforts. A filter could be developed that works in much the same way as the filters we use for our tap water. Water would flow into the storm drains and go through a series of chambers that consecrate different levels of screening material before it is finally free to enter the river or ocean system. It would be necessary to also begin a new city service similar to the waste segment to maintain these filter systems, emptying the chambers of collected trash on a regular basis.To reduce the amount of rubber produced and its harmful effects on the environment, these tires are designed to stay full for virtually the life of the vehicle. They are made from ultra-durable rubber created with recycled plastic and rubber materials and designed with a special self-heal technology that instantly closes off any potential p unctures. These tires would be in high demand by tire

Kudler Fine Foods Too Fresh to Go Product Launch Essay

Kudler Fine Foods to a fault raw to Go Product Launch - Essay ExampleKudler Fine Foods is an establishment that offers a novelty of upstart food harvest-times. The grocer is a specialty food livestock that offers bakery and pastry convergences, fresh produce, fresh meat and seafood, condiments and packaged food, and cheese and specialty dairy products. The comp any offers a variety of food products which ar used in the context of gourmet ducking. There is a need for the company to offer different types of food products which are more conducive to a customer who doesnt have the time to cook the gourmet meal. By introducing a new line of prepared fresh meals, the customer can bear home the meal to eat it for dinner that night or at another point during the week. besides Fresh to Go meals allow encompass the spirit of Kudler Fine Foods while providing a healthy, time-saving alternative for accepted customers. withal Fresh to Go will be positioned in the front of the stor e for convenience and will include everything a customer needs for a meal, including the appropriate packaging should the dish need to be warmed up to serve. These meals will be balanced, low-fat, and of the highest quality. For instance, a freshly prepared chicken dish, complimented by a leaf lettuce salad and couscous is one of the flings. These offering will range from various meat and fish dishes to vegetarian meals. This new product line can help the company achieve sales growth and profitability by leverage the existing product base and customer target market. From a foreign perspective, Too Fresh to Go can attract customers into the store for a fresh alternative for to-go food. Kudler Fine Foods and the introduction of Too Fresh to Go is a natural extension of the gourmet grocery stores current product offerings. Kudler will also add to a customers convenience factor as surface as appeal to those customers who may be hesitant to shop at a gourmet store if he or she is not a gourmet cook. These meals will fill a niche in the market whereby more working families are looking for healthy alternatives throughout the week to feed their families and do not want to turn to fast food. Whereas there are a variety of food breeding companies and local delivery companies, the pricing of these products prices them out of the market for some families. By extended this product offering at the grocery store, Kudler already has their target audience that would benefit from this type of product. In addition, Kudler already offers booze tasting classes and this product offering goes hand-in-hand with the nature of excellent customer service Kudler provides. Product positioning From a positioning perspective, the launch of Too Fresh to Go will be placed in the front of the store to add convenience to shoppers who do not have the time, as one of the key concepts of Too Fresh to Go is for working families who simply do not have the time to cook a gourmet meal each night. T his section will be small at first in both locations, domestic and foreign, and will feature samples and a customer service specialist to answer any questions, nutritional and otherwise. The packaging will be bright and vibrant, but most importantly, this packaging will be able to be placed in the

Corporate Social Responsibility and Ethics-Case Study Essay

Corporate Social Responsibility and Ethics-Case Study - rise ExampleThis has brought forth the term Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) implying the moralistic and social welfare promoting aspects that a modern day corporate must posses besides its financial or profit making goals. In a single sentence Corporate Social Responsibility is the culmination of the duties towards the stakeholders that encompasses promotion of social welfare, moral development and sustainable environmental safety. Brief analysis of Bhopal Gas Disaster The majority of the Indian world lies under the poverty line and are technologically backward. 26 years earlier when the disaster took manoeuver the situation was even worse. Furthermore the concerned state Madhya Pradesh was regarded as one of the least developed states of India where the labourers were bulge outfit with little technical expertise. This background does not confer the mentioned state as an ideal place to bear witness a plant that woul d eventually be handling a substance as toxic as Methyl Isocyanides. The concerned company Union Carbide ignored these technical issues and made a grave shift in terms of the strategic management and planning. However, the mistakes made that way become the outcome of greedy backing steps when the availability of cheap labours that were hired in the process is taken into account. Ignoring technological impediments regarding the poor standards of the fellowship base of the labourers along with the ignorance of environmental standard those were needed to set a plant of such a complex technology at that place in search of financial gain is the brief exclusively ultimate verdict of the Bhopal disaster. Ans 1 An issue dependent and logical reasoning of blaming Mr. warren Anderson one time the dreadful early December (December 2 and 3) of 1984 was passed claiming thousands of lives, the famous or infamous chairman of Union Carbide Mr. Warren Anderson was immediately taken into custod y in charge of sheer negligence of corporate responsibility. Ironically the someone who was responsible for thousands of death soon got a personal bail of only USD3000 and came out of custody. Anderson and then carried out some sort of investigation that came out with dubious results. On one instance Anderson blamed the ideal management team of the company for their negligence that brought the catastrophe and on another instance he gave a much narrowed version while blaming the local plant operation manager alone. (Camino, 1989, p 3 Peterson, 1985, pp. 196-197) Whatever doubtful is the explanation of Mr. Anderson owing to a political-corporate nexus that is like any other state is operative in India as well Mr. Anderson was protected and managed to get back to his country USA. Questions had been raised against the then Prime Minister of India Mr. Rajiv Gandhi for protecting and eventually helping him to get back to his country. 26 years subsequently of that event, Mr. Arjun Sin gh the Chief Minister of Madhya Pradesh though turned down all these allegations against the late Prime Minister Mr. Rajiv Gandhi withal pleaded against the heinous acts of Anderson and raised his voice for the immediate arrest of him. Mr. Singh requested the present Prime Minister Mr. Manmohan Singh to pop out a talk with the USA President Mr. Barrack Obama regarding the extradition of Anderson to India where he can be prosecuted for killing of thousands of Indians in front of an Indian court. (Arjun Singh breaks silence on Bhopal gas tragedy, Aug 11, 2010) Owing to the growing agitation regarding

Kung Fu Panda 31;13-34;50 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Kung Fu panda 3113-3450 - testify ExampleThe music directors have carefully incorporated music which very strongly conveys the emotions and feelings of the talking animals in the movie. It is worth noting here that it is otherwise difficult to convey this through dialogues and visuals. This essay examines the role of music and healthy in a particular part of this movie. The part of the movie evaluated here is 31 minutes 13 seconds to 34 minutes 50 seconds.The selected section of the movie follows the philosophical encounter that Po, the protagonist of the story has with overtop Shifu who is the trainer of Po. Master Shifu ridicules Po with regard to his poor body image and his easy going attitude. Panda is shocked to see the martial art skills of the other animals and realizes his incapability all the more. Po fails miserably in exhibiting his martial art skills and is was made fun of by other animals. The chosen part of the movie shows the bright confusion of the chosen hero wh o is unsure of living up to the expectations of the kingdom.The scene in the beginning shows Po sneaking into Jade Palace. The sound used in expressing the sneaky behavior of Po who is trying to bring in inside the palace has succeeded in expressing the insecurity that the panda has. The creaking sound of the wood on the al-Qaida increases all the more as Po tries to make no sound. Master Crane who is woken up by this sound comments that the Panda does not belong to that space and Po approves of it. The creaking sound in the compass just before this dialogue very well supports the Pandas insecurity and disengagement with that physical space. Silence is very well used in this scene to contribute to the depth of Pandas feelings. The lighting integrates with this idea. The lighting, composition and the space gives the feeling of moonlight filtering in through the windows. The camera angle which follows the shadower of the Panda also supports the general theme of the scene. The Poi nt of View shot takes the

Quick Loan Business Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Quick Loan Business - Essay pillow slipThe requirements for taking out a payday loan ar very easy. Therefore, it is very likely for any private to take out the payday loans so long as one has a posit account, some formula of income such as benefits like social security as well as a sub judice form of identification. This kind of loan assists people in coping with the put downs that come in between their paycheck (Bartlett, 2009.A payday loan is very important both to the borrower and to the lender. This is because as long as the borrower has a bank account, the loan can be available. Even if the borrower had been declared bankrupt in the past, or had been having a fallacious credit history, the individual is in a position to acquire a payday loan. This is in contrast with other lending companies which cannot give a loan to individuals with bad credit history as well as to people who are bankrupt. This means that the borrower needs not to worry about accessing payday loan.The author says that payday loans are taken very quickly. This is because of the low requirements that are needed to acquire the loan as well as their intent for the short time. The author says that the payday loan can be available within 24 hours after application, veritable(a) if some companies make the funds available in just a couple of hours. This means that the choices are great if the borrower needs the money quickly. The money can be available instantly if the borrower has the unexpected expense (Francis, 2009).Payday lenders offer small amounts of money which is in contrast with other lending companies whereby they put an upper fixate on how much an individual can borrow. As the author puts it, the limit means that the borrower cannot borrow more than than what an individual can be able to pay. The author explains that the borrower cannot get into more debts as part of the surgical process Lawrence & Elliehausen, 2008).

Self-assessment Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Self-assessment - Term Paper Example base on the big five personality assessment, the aspect of openness to experience and intellect had a stool of 47% which was judged as typicall(a)y uncreative. This postulate improvement which will mainly be guided by getting involved in creative sessions, complex activities, though on a gradual affect and more conventional aspects of the learning environment. This is significant given the current global trends that require creativity for iodin to ail through in whatever career they choose. Conscientiousness was ranked at 64% which meant that I am able to organize myself and am reliable. However, on that point needs to be an improvement to attain self-discipline. self-will in any working or social environment is important because it sets one apart from all the rest (Drucker, 2010). Reliability will come in handy too in other areas indoors the organization. Extraversion was ranked at 64% which meant that I relatively enjoy social gatherings . There needs to be some improvement in the area of being talkative and fun-loving. I am and more agreeable, at 74%, which indicates consideration for the feelings of others. This needs to be maintained and nurtured (Kelvin, 2011). I am withal more relaxed during a crisis which was ranked under neuroticism and had a score of 27%. Such is an important attribute when in management or studying with hostile people in social settings duration in school, this is something that aids in creating bond with many people, hence a better lifestyle and a peaceful environment for all.The ruttish intelligence quiz showed a high score on emotional intelligence. This implies that I am good at skills that have to deal with the interpretation and understanding of emotions and also when there is a need to act upon those skills. However, more work is required to maintain these since adeptness to react and deal with social and emotional conflicts is always an important attribute in real-life situatio ns. Emotional intelligence is

Reality Television shows Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Reality Television presents - Essay ExampleReality television began back in the 1950s. The show that is dubbed as the granddaddy of reality TV was a show known as aboveboard Camera. This show aired in 1948, and it was basically centered on taping how people would react to pranks, oft like Punkd. This show was responsible for placing hidden cameras or microph one and only(a)s in backyards or households, they were already in that respect in the eyes and ears of concerned and vigilant citizens encouraged by government propaganda to report any signs of unpatriotic activity (Holmes and Jermyn, 35). The very first Miss America pageant was aired in 1954, making the victor an instant celebrity. Since then, there have been many reality shows that have taken the nation by storm. Shows such(prenominal) as The Dating Game, An American Family, Big Brother, The Real World, American Idol, and so much more. People stay on coming back to the show because they can associate to it, they fact th at its unscripted makes the characters on the show more relatable, and it offers you an inside view to almost anywhere. The hidden camera could document the world of institutions, from the judiciary frame to the mental hospital (Oullette and Murray, 25) There atomic number 18 many genres on the reality TV front one that is picking a lot of fans is the Reality competition genre. These shows follow the format of non-tournament excretory product contests. The common scenario is the participants are filmed competing to win a prize, often living together in a confined environment. Usually, it goes on until only one person or one team is odd, and theyre declared the winner/s. The elimination can be done either by voting, or by judges selecting who passes through. Examples of such shows are Big Brother, American Idol, Americas Got Talent, Star Search, etc. These shows dont just get hold to mind. Social scientists continue to serve as consultants in reality TV to this day, screening c ontestants for shows and helping to mark situations and guidelines for interaction (Oullette and Murray, 26). One show that has captivated is Survivor. This show was created in 1997 by Charlie Parsons. It premiered on May 31, 2000 on CBS. It was hosted by Jeff Probst and produced by Mark Burnett. As a result of the show, the latter has a second life story as a management consultant, serving as motivational speaker and helping executives develop skills to vie effectively in the corporate jungle (Oullette and Murray, 27). The show centers on a group of castaways in opposite tribes left out in the middle of nowhere, and they mustiness search and provide their own food, shelter, water, fire and they must look out for themselves. There are weekly challenges where rewards such as fine food, or much-needed respire is offered. The last three or two that are left standing are usually left at the mercy of the other eliminated contestants. They vote for who should win, and the winner get s one million dollars. This show has experienced a lot of success. It is commonly considered the mother of American reality TV because it experienced high ratings and was very profitable. Its currently had twenty-two seasons and three-hundred and two episodes. Over the years, Survivor has been set in many different places such as Thailand, Polynesia, Australia, Malaysia, Vanuatu, Panama, to name a few. The most recent season is based in the beach of San Juan del Sur, Nicaragua.

Gas Turbine Engine Basics Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words - 1

Gas Turbine Engine Basics - Coursework ExampleAccording to relevant sources, a turboprop locomotive engine is a turbine that drives a propeller via a reduction lurch as shown in the above diagram (NASA 4). As such, the exhaust gases drive the power shaft, which in turn drives the reduction gear assembly through a shaft as shown (Husain 98 Sickle 205). The reduction gearing is necessity because optimum propeller performances in these engine designs are reached at slower speeds than the engines operating revolution per minute. At slow airspeeds, these engine designs are fuel efficient and operate effectively (FOPPGS 1).Turbofan engines were developed to turn back some of the best features that exist in the already mentioned engines (FOPPGS 1). For example, these engines have been designed to generate additional cast by directing a secondary airflow around the combustion chamber (NASA 4). Additionally, the bypass helps in cooling the engine, as well as helps in reducing exhaust noi ses. In a turbofan engine engine, therefore, the bypass ratio refers to the ratio of the mass airflow passing through the fan divided by the mass airflow passing through the engine core (FOPPGS 2).However, part of the inlet airflow is non directed toward the compressor, combustor, and turbine, but is rather bypassed through a duct, which ends in a nozzle. Since air leaves the nozzle at a speed that is higher than the intake velocity, thrust is produced by momentum exchange with the airframe. During the intake phase, the pressure, temperature and great deal of the gases remain constant.The compressor is an arrangement of blades on a rotating disk, whose main function is to force air to flow into the engine as it reduces its volume and increases its pressure. Torque is required to change the momentum of the working fluid, forcing it to follow the curved egress of the blades. The work required to drive the compressor comes from the engine itself, by means of a shaft connecting the c ompressor and the turbine.

Automotive Production Levels Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Automotive Production Levels - Essay interpreterIt also run acrosss that firms do not make profits at the expense of consumers. This essay highlights issues relating to mergers, the role of political relation in grocery store delivery, complexities of self-expansion, and other issues facing companies. Government regulation and importance of judicature involvement in a market economy Government regulation is of major importance in the creation of mergers, as a certain level of regulation is needed to enhance the functions of contemporary markets. Through regulation, the government reckons that get together industries support policy goals. Government regulates mergers to ensure that the parties to the contract have confidence in it and that the stipulated property rights argon defined clearly. According to Gaughan, (2010) regulation comprises of rules, which are administered by the government with the aim of influencing business behavior and scotch activities. In the light of this, regulation captures a range of government actions such as setting market frameworks, primary legislation to detailed regulations that are enforced by specialist sectoral regulators. Government regulation of mergers has right effects to the society as it provides protection. Some government regulations for instance, protect the safety and health of workers. Moreover, regulation plays a huge role in consumer protection as industries are approved and licensed. Government involvement in the market economy aims at attainment of important goals such as equity and social efficiency. In equity, the government aims at achieving fair distribution of resources while social equity is achieved by equating marginal benefits and marginal costs of consumption and production. The government also plays an important role in the market economy by formulating policies with the intent of promoting dissemination of information. To achieve this, government provides education, extension, and supports the media for the delivery of important information regarding the markets. Furthermore, through distribution, hurt assembly and labeling requirements, the government ensures that there is some truth in advertising (Gaughan, 2010). Government involvement in the market may be in order to combat externalities. According to Gaughan ( 2010), externalities arise when the activities assumed by some agents in the market affect the technologies or preferences of other agents. There are positive, negative, consumption, and production externalities. The government is also involved in the market for homework of public goods. These are goods, which are consumed concurrently by many individuals and are free to access. In case the government is not involved in the provision of these goods, the market mechanism cannot provide them, as they are not profitable. These goods include infrastructure, environmental amenities and subject field tribute. Government involvement in the market economy curt ails non-competitive behavior. Non-competitive behavior arises in case of monopoly whereby the supply of a good is controlled by a single agent and whereby a single agent controls demand. Moreover, the government checks the activities of middlemen to ensure that consumers do not suffer. In addition, the government is also involved in the market economy to ensure that equal distribution of income is attained. The government achieves this through transfer policies such as inheritance and income taxes and social security

Unit_10_TAEASS403B Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Unit_10_TAEASS403B - Essay ExampleThis would also fasten that the assessment that are in relation to the standards of the industry are consistent with the learning outcomes that are applicable and the specific criteria of performance for the qualifications, training fields, units of competency and the levels of qualification. In addition to this, this action would give the assessor acquaintance concerning the effectiveness and appropriateness of the system of assessment in their work. It would also help in evaluating the assessment objectives swear out that would be used, and in confirming the decisions that they would make in relation to the assessment competency.The information regarding the assessment benchmarks could be gathered from a number of sources. This includes opposite RTOs, industrial associations, professional associations, networks, and the relevant ITABS.In order to prepare, Jeremy and other assessor would need to identify the person to be conglomerate in valida tion agree and encounter the focus and purpose of validation identify the particular tools, instruments, methods, situations of assessment, and results of assessment that may come under exam identify the required standards and benchmarks identifying the head of the process of validation finding out the functions and activities of other individuals that would be involved in the process of validation, and agreeing on the approach and method of validation.The rule of establish shows out that all the evidence must be sufficient, authentic, and current. The assessor needs to gather enough evidence so as to contain that the assessment candidate would be competent in all the elements of the criteria of performance. The collected evidence needs to be recent to en accepted the assessment of current competency thus validity. Additionally the assessors should also make sure that the gathered evidence belonged to the candidate. On the other hand, the

Western civilization paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Western civilization paper - Essay Example eon some causes for doubt were natural processes quite beyond the scope or prevention of the church of the times, such as in the case of the Black Death and subsequent plagues that periodically decimated the European population, others were undoubtedly the pull up stakes of greed and bids for power, such as could be seen in the Western Schism. Finally, social changes ranged far out of the realize of the church through a variety of factors. A growth in the population leading up to the reformation, coupled with significant changes in economic structures as agrarian workers moved to towns and villages began to produce a to a greater extent literary public. This was encouraged by the invention of the printing press that made the production of books faster and much economical and thus making them more accessible to a wider audience. This, in turn, promoted the spread of Humanitarian ideas throughout the general public following a period of ch urch failures. Thus, while it can be argued that Martin Luther was the biggest gas pedal for change, he was heavily assisted by a variety of factors that came together at just the beneficial time and place for his words to have maximum impact.The most recognized figure of the Protestant reformation is that of Martin Luther (1483-1546), although this was not necessarily what the humble monk envisioned when he posted his 95 theses in 1517. His proterozoic life was spent in preparation for a career in law, but his adolescence gave him a flutter of divine inspiration when he was struck by a bolt of lightening and he dark to a life of serving God. Reports indicate he was a very devout monk, pious and humble, commit to discovering God. This is revealed in his letters as he addresses the Archbishop regarding his concerns over the sale of indulgencies. Despite his strong feelings on the matter, he still addresses the Archibishop with excessive-seeming humility Spare me, More Reverend Father in Christ and Most illustrious Prince, that I,

Case study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 8

representative Study ExampleThus, the manager could hand or so tune to increase the morale of such(prenominal) employees. In another(prenominal) situations, employees could be far below the set target for the organization but managers fine tunes their performance to keep them motivated. In other situations, employees performance might be fine-tuned downwards. Some of such instances include situations where an employee is never taking the work seriously or in other situations where managers are in need of laying down the employee once a replacement emerges. However, tom, the youngest of the four managers still insist on the accuracy of performance review. He indicates that it would be better if a manager gives the employees the accurate performance appraisals and then improve from in that respect.The perspectives devoted by the managers were all quite interesting. I agree that performance appraisal is an consequential aspect of an organization. In addition, I agree that fine tu ning is also important in an organization. This is considering that on that point are moments when an employee may be in their down moments that it might reflect on their work. In addition, an employee could befool a bad performance at the beginning of the year but start to mark progress. Moreover, there are situations where fine tuning is important to get rid of a nagging employee or in need of firing an employee once another candidate emerges. The reason is that validatory performance appraisal could be problematic when a manager fires an employee. However, I maintain that fine tuning is just distortion given a much better term. Giving an employee a better performance than they deserve is wrong. The reason is that some employees could take it as a habit since they are aware that their managers will give them a positive appraisal. Thus, accuracy is the most important aspect.In my opinion, fine tuning is distortion. However, may be some satisfactory points of fine tuning as a far as it

Human Computer Interaction Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

Human Computer Interaction - Essay ExampleHCI has evolved as a concept that facilitates taking into consideration the different needs of the users. The users dejection effectively interact with the computing device systems through a platform that is known to be HCI. However the importance of HCI is widespread and encompasses wide run of elements. The first improvement of the concept is that it helps to gain market sh atomic number 18. In general context individuals always favor to use only those items that have higher usability. For instance it can be supported by an vitrine of Google, this search engine is world famous and has largest market share across the globe (Deustsch, 2013).The reason goat this is the search engine has higher efficiency and can be easily used by individuals. HCI is redden important as it helps to improve productivity. For instance such an interaction helps employees working in a flying to perform better and faster. The Intranet facilities help in incr easing the overall efficiency of employees (Pulz, 2013).The importance of HCI can in like manner be witnessed in the form of lowering support be. If a product cannot be used in good order then enormous calls are made by customers to customer service department. However the higher usability regularize due to HCI helps in reducing these forms of cost that is associated with support services. HCI even helps in reducing the development costs as it avoid such features that are complex and cannot be used easily by the users. diction recognition is considered to be an effective tool for HCI or Human Computer Interaction. Speech recognition is one and only(a) of the fields of computer science that is associated with designing such a structure which helps in recognizing words that are spoken. It is such an application that enables a computer to clearly identify those words that are spoken by a person either through a telephone or microphone (Brodkin, 2012).Speech recognition can also be classified as a process that converts acoustic signal coming from a telephone or microphone to a group of

Psychological Testing and Assessment of Adolescents Paper Research

Psychological Testing and Assessment of Adolescents - Research newspaper publisher ExampleSome educators form used intelligence assessment results to separate slow learners from quick learners. The technique has been effective in moderating educational materials for the different learners, with slow learners having longer lessons and more culture materials. supererogatory learning materials enable slow learners opportunity to get information from different sources, which strengthen understanding.Assessments involving achievement tests have proved practical tools for shaping school curricula. Achievement tests for learners come at the end of a public life or a given level of education. The assessments help in determining the level of accomplishment of students, and compare the results with expectations in the outside social and economic spectra (Ployhart & MacKenzie, 2011). The outcomes of such assessments guide curricular planners to analyze relevance of authentic educational items. Where assessment outcomes in achievement tests are low, then it becomes compulsory for curricular planners to refine educational contents to fit expectations.Assessments in education have too been useful in determining admission of students into learning institutions, and promoting learners to different levels of education. Common assessments are in the form of class tests, and term and yearly examinations. Educators also use assessments to measure the extents the extents of transfer of knowledge to learners. The undertaking is usually in the form of questions during learning, and checklists used to point out performance of students in various subject contents.According to Cohen, Swerdlik and Sturman (2013), measures of general achievement are techniques for surveying learning in more than one academic area. General achievement measures classify learning areas in reliable broad subsets. The most common subsets are reading, arithmetic, spelling and comprehension reading. The subsets have a

Discrimination Against Homosexuals in the Military Essay Example for Free

Discrimination Against Homosexuals in the Military EssaySince 1993 more than 14,500 service members were fired on a lower floor the justness of codt Ask, Dont reassure (sldn. org). In 1950, President Harry S. signed the unvarying Code of Military Justice, which set up the discharge rules for homosexual service members. People wanting to military service their country were being discriminated and discharged because of their sexuality. Then in 1982, Ronald Reagan proposed a defense directive that states Homosexuality is incongruous with military service and people who engaged in homosexual acts or stated that they were homosexual or bisexual were discharged. In 1992, neb Clinton, as a presidential candidate, promised to lift the ban. Fin on the wholey in 1993, when Bill Clinton was elected president, he proposed a compromise that he named Dont Ask, Dont split up. This law issued a defense directive that military applicants should not be able to be asked round their sexua l orientation (Washington Post). Homosexuals being discriminated in the military deal grabbed the attention of people all slightly the world. The question on whether or not homosexuals should have the right to look in the military was a hotly debated topic in politics for the past few years.Even after the repeal of Dont Ask Dont sort out, will our society be ready to accept others? The look into started with searching Homosexuals in the military. Then Dont Ask Dont Tell and personal stories of gays in the military was found. Unfortunately, no books could be found on this topic, scarce articles from top newspapers became a valid choice. Documentaries and podcasts were also looked at. Good sources were easy to find because the topic was so controversial in the US, so the news articles came in handy.The repeal of Dont Ask Dont Tell was all over US news websites, and news clips from YouTube were found. Last fall, a pentagon study was released that said a majority of the US forces , more than 70%, said that service of process with homosexuals would have no negative effect on them. Forces fighting in Iraq and Afghanistan had a different response. 58% of combat marines said that they would prefer not to serve with homosexuals. Since the repeal in late September, the effect has been positive on quite a lot of people.The main people who are opposed to the repeal are the military chaplains. The majority of the 3,000 active chaplains are nonprogressive Christians. A retired chaplain, named Brigadier General Douglas lee side, is one of the 66 retired chaplains that wrote a letter to President Obama, urging him to not go through with the repeal. In a video showing the effects (positive and negative) of the repeal, shows Brigadier General Douglas Lee talking about Dont ask, Dont Tell. He says, Homosexuality is one of a multitude of sins.Chaplains help people wrestle with the sins that bisect them and their lives. The problem with this repeal is that this particula r sin is being legitimized as being normal and okay. The problem with the non acceptance of the chaplains is that some(prenominal) and most conservative Christians call up that homosexuality, like all of the other sins in the bible, is a lifestyle choice (Pbs. org). According to another Pentagon Study, 35 other countries allow homosexuals to serve openly with no negative effect (Sldn.org).Consider two men, twain wanting to serve their country, one is gay and one is straight. They get all of the same test scores, and pass, further only the straight guy is let in, not because of anything else other than his sexuality. If the same circumstances had happened, instead with a man and a woman, it would be sexist. If one was white and the other was black, it would be racist. All of the victims of these situations would have aegis under the law and could sue, except for the homosexual.The homosexual has no legal protection from the government (Library in a book Gay Rights). The repeal could be the first step to changing this. September 20th 2011, Obama stated, As of today, our armed forces will no longer lose the extraordinary skills and combat experience of so many gay and lesbian service members. And today, as Commander in Chief, I want those who were discharged under this law to know that your country deeply values your service(UStoday. com).Military bases around the US have been holding sessions for service members to educate them on the repeal of Dont Ask, Dont Tell. They say, You are not expected to change your religious or moral beliefs, however you are induce to treat all others with dignity and respect (Pbs. org). It seems as though that our society has been coping positively since the repeal. at that place are always going to be some people who will not stray from their views, but the percentages are going up and more and more people are willing to except homosexuals serving freely in the US.

Best Practices for Human Services Delivery Essay Example for Free

Best Practices for pitying Services Deliin truth EssayThe delivery of human goods is one venture that organizations deal non embark on blindly. It requires key competencies especi anyy on the part of the staff charged with the responsibility of delivering these ingrained service. It is a task that similarly requires active participation of key stakeholders, which ar basically the population and the agency. When delivering the services, the agencies come to need to put in to consideration the views of the population. In fact, the population should be involved in the sinless process of service delivery, from conception of the idea to implementation. By involving the population, it shows that the agency appreciates their contri providedion and value of population democratic in the process of service delivery. As a consequence, the population becomes trustworthy partners proud to be determine and associated with the agency and its services. It should be appreciated that th e success of the agency in this service delivery solely depends on the response of the population. Indeed, the role of the population can not be overstated. Before the organization embarks on any service delivery, Katherine and Ellen (2009) argue that knowledge about the background of the population is decisive.In the modern society, most populations are diverse. It is important that any agency understands all aspect of the population to avoid making mistakes unknowingly. One very important aspect is the competence of the agency. The staff of the agency needs to have basic skills that are vital in service delivery. Lack of skills puts the quality of the agencys performance at stake. This is then reflected in the results of the delivery. Poor results not only have a negative impact on the image of the agency, but also threaten the future day of the organization.It is unlikely that an organization whose performance is poor would get any future reference or even contracts. Besides, t he agency delivering such services needs to be well enable with adequate resources. These include money, time and knowhow (Katherine Ellen, 2009). These resources are mandatory for any success to be accomplished. They enable the agencies to deplete their tasks in timely manner. In addition, they also affect the quality of service delivery. Quality and timely service delivery boosts the office of the population in the performance of the agency.This then ensures future growth and population confidence with the agency as contracts can be renewed and secured. Katherine and Ellen (2009) affirm that for any service delivery to be successful, trust is of essence. This should be mutual. They also argue that building trust of a diverse population can be a tricky affair. They suggest that agencies should draw part of their staff from the population. They argue that the agency whitethorn not be aware of part of the cultural expectations of the population.Besides, they may not understand th e local language, a tool that is very basic in as far as parley is concerned. Poor communication system impacts directly on service delivery as misunderstandings are bound to occur. The agency should also respect the culture of the population in order to successfully deliver its services. Cultures tend to vary advantageously and it is important that the agency understands every bit of the populations culture. For instance, some populations prescribe different deck out code for different persons.Although this may not be an issue in an urban population, it is highly hearty in a rural setting. Contravening such may negatively impact on service delivery. In extreme cases, the service delivery may even be halted Conclusion The delivery of human services can be a very sensitive process. Utmost care need to be taken to ensure that the population approves of the agencys performance. This will enable the agency to carry out its activities with ease, all for the benefit of the population . Above all, the agency should market its brand to the population to gain aspect of positive association.

Impulsive Behavior of Romeo and Juliet Essay Example for Free

t spike heelaway(a) Behavior of Romeo and Juliet EssayThere are many examples of characters acting without thinking of the consequences in Romeo and Juliet. The story of Romeo and Juliet is write by the famous author William Shakespeare. The story is nigh a boy that falls in dear with a girl but some(prenominal) of their families have a burning hatred for each another(prenominal), which leads to both of Romeos and Juliets demise. Although there are some good things that happen as a precede of Romeo acting before thinking, Im going to represent that on most occasions, his rash actions demand himself and others negatively. To begin, when Romeo has feelings for a girl, he thinks he feels cope for them, but it is usually never the case. The Capulets throw a companionship due to a tradition and Romeo attends. While there he notices Juliet and is instantly attracted to her. He, like many other boys, is attracted to girls only for their looks and not personality Like a rich j ewel in an Ethiops ear/Beauty too rich for use, for earth too dear (1.5.46-47). He is infatuated with Juliet, not in love with her. He is only focusing on her beauty rather than her non-visual redeeming qualities. Within a few minutes of meeting Juliet, he lost all his feeling of depression from being rejected by Rosaline Did my heart love till now? Forswear it, sight/For I neer saw authentic beauty till this night(1.5.52-53). He thought he was in love with Rosaline but then forgot all about her and his so-called love for her when he met Juliet. He now professes true love for Juliet. When Romeo hastily proclaims his love for girls, he doesnt satiate the time to court the girls he likes, he makes them upset and feels rushed.Next, he was impetuous with killing himself when he thought Juliet was dead. Juliet took a potion to appear dead to keep off marrying Paris. When she woke up, she and Romeo were supposed to leave Verona together. Romeo found Juliet in the tomb where he was goin g to put Tybalts body. Romeo jumped unfeigned to the conclusion that she was dead without checking to see if she was breathing or had a heartbeat Is crimson in thy lips and in thy cheeks/And deaths pale flag is not advancd there(5.3.95-96). Romeo did not think about the fact that she could have taken a potion or be unconscious. He immediately took out the poisonous substance he obtained when he heard the news of Juliets death and drank it. When Juliet woke up, she saw that Romeo was dead Yea, noise? because Ill be brief. O happy dagger/This is thy sheath their rust, and let me die (5.3.169-170). Romeos rash decision to take his own life led to Juliet snatching his dagger and taking her own life. Both of these quotes show that if Romeo had slowed down, problem solved better, and thought through the consequences of his actions, he probably would not have chosen to take his life and would have ended up alive and with Juliet.On most occasions, Romeos impulsive decisions light upon h imself and others negatively. We can learn from his impulsive decisions which lead to dire consequences. Taking the time to assess our situations and weigh the consequences of our actions whitethorn help improve the outcomes of our decisions.Work CitedShakespeare, William. Romeo and Juliet. Elements of Literature. Austin Holt, Rinehartand Winston, 2009. 901-1024. Print.

TQM in United Airlines Essay Example for Free

TQM in linked air passages EssayThe nonion of Total Quality Management has paved the flair for many another(prenominal) bloodlinees to adapt to the ever changing demands of the market. Because of this principle, many large companies such as United Airlines lease already involved TQM to back up their goals in maintaining superior node gratification by providing the stovepipe product packages and returns. Why does an organization need to implement a client targeted quality principle? Basically, the settlement to this question will only divert in a single begin, to increase profitability. Of course, a transmission line entity involve to streng thusly its capacity to maintain a high take aim of business function. In coif to do this, it should have at least a permanent group of client parameters which will financial backing its trading operations for a long time. For a smart set, e really aspect of its operations in the business originally depends on how the guest s influence its performance in the market share. That is why maintaining a group of nodes longer than anticipate will receive stability for the organization. In the aspect of maintaining a customer base, the company should know that it needs to involve the direct approach in satisfying the requests of the customers. It should be able to support the needs of the clients as well as to satisfy their demands for a good service. Apparently, an excellent form of customer cheer predicts the level of customer retention a company may achieve (Kotelnikov, 2008). If the customers get quality products and services, then to the highest degree likely they will have a good relationship with the brand. Thus, the company will get computer take for such attention and will be able to strengthen its grip in the market. Essentially, TQM has long been apply by companies which are involved in the service sectors. The main reason for this is that business owners know that customer pleasure post dish out produce larger profit generations when they are fulfilled with the services they need. Of course, this does not only involve the delivery of services but the functional rendering of quality service. For United Airlines, the nurse of quality has a direct contribution on the perception of the customers towards how the company projects its image to the commercial market. This archetype has let the air company to implement certain measures that will help it achieve the overall client-based satisfaction for many years of its operations. For United Airlines, the company has implemented a strategic TQM principle to make delegacy for full customer satisfaction for its services. Since the organization is involved in the service sector, it has delegated its approach to sustain a better condition of flights to all of its passengers. This goal intends to keep the air passage company operate at the uttermost levels of quality while capturing a large share of margins in the airline industry segment. In coiffe to help the company structure its TQM aspect, it has defined a 12-point customer satisfaction system. This format was established to help the organization be reminded of what their primary goal is aside from profitability (United Airlines, 2008). The list contains the most significant approaches that United Airlines can complete for customer satisfaction principles.Lowest Airline Rate United Airlines quality service does not come only in the aspect of direct physical interactions. It in like manner provides an sparing unplumbed to achieve customer satisfaction. The company offers some of the lowest air fare rates to various destinations. This approach in quality management helps boost the company sales in terms of satisfying the clients most financial considerations. There are also special discounts and privileges for passengers who are going to buy airline tickets in bulk or during holiday seasons. This extends customer service in economical ways. customer Information As part of the TQM principle of UA, one very good approach of the company is to send important messages and entropy about the status of flight schedules. Of course, if something is predicted to buy the farm a delaying factor of the operations, then the passengers should be made sensible of it in order for them to adjust personal schedules. This will give the clients a perception of reliability and become more confident of the airlines operations.Baggage Delivery United Airlines employ the service fundamentals of on time delivery of baggage for optimum customer satisfaction. The airline employs responsible and efficient staffs in order to take care of the passengers baggage for scheduled delivery per flight.Baggage desex in addition to baggage delivery, the company also provides a fair structure when it comes to identifying baggage confinement principles for each of its passengers.Reservations The Company provides the option for the customers to have a s eat reserved to them or to cancel it. This helps the customer to involve a thorough decision making approach about his trips.Ticket In cases when seating area are requested to be cancelled, the company also provides an option for its passengers to have a ticket refund. This can optimize the trust of the clients to the company as part of the customer satisfaction program.Special Passengers One of the translucent quality management of United Airlines is its capability to accommodate passengers with varying needs. It is very likely that flight operations will attend to passengers with disabilities. In this aspect, the company has designated facilities and personnel who will cater to the needs of these special clients. customer Needs On the part of basic customer needs, the company also employs a service commission to help passengers get the things they need. A refreshing on flight drink or a very good TV program on board are just some of the customer satisfaction service offering s.Customer Treatment United Airlines also instructed its personnel to treat denied passengers with optimum respect. They are also provided with the information of the case why such acts are necessary based on the situation.Current shoot Info The staff of the airline also makes it a point to disclose information about new(prenominal) flight concerns such as cancellation policies, itineraries and technical aircraft configurations.Coordination The Company also employs the use of coordination techniques for regional operations so that it can easily manage customer service needs in very efficient ways. Since the company is involved in cross-continent operations, it is advantageous for it to have an open communications with airports and air facilities in dissimilar countries. This makes it feasible for the company to customize its services based on passenger nationalities.Customer Inquiries One last customer service principle of United Airlines is its direct, simple and timely res ponse to customer questions and inquiries about the operations of the airline. As a matter of fact, it is one of the pioneers in the airline industry which enable their clients to ask questions using different channels such as telephone, internet and mobile phones. For a company to maintain its optimal business operations, it should have the necessary capability to address the organizations needs both internally and externally. In the internal matters, it would be appropriate to select a leadership who can inject principles towards quality management. This does not only involve schemes of profitability immediately in the market scope but should also address the long term possibility of growth. For United Airlines, the leadership principles employed by its administration has provided so many advantages for the organization. Because of the formulation of the 12-point customer satisfaction system, the admin was able to capture the true needs of the passengers when it comes to reliable and efficient airline operations. The leaders very well know that having a business in the service sector demands a direct approach towards the impressions of the clients.If they will receive a very good service with all the aspects of quality, then most likely they will get the worth of their money. And if they experience these benefits, then it is not impossible for them to stick by with the company as their major airline service provider. In the light of economic recession, Airline customer satisfaction falls while one of the reasons can be attributed to customer satisfaction (Boston, 2008). However, with United Airlines TQM principle, it is less likely to experience client related dilemmas. Increasing the capability of the business towards economic strengthening goes beyond effective investment processes. Although it may be important to allocate the funds in the most diversified and profitable ways, the creation of TQM principles will ultimately predict how the organization wil l sustain long term market presence. In order for the business to flourish exponentially, it should always look at how its major clients will be affected with the use of business principles related to quality.ReferencesBoston. 2007. Airline customer satisfaction falls. Bsoton.com-Business. Retrieved January 23, 2008 from http//www.boston.com/business/globe/articles/2007/05/15/airline_customer_satisfaction_falls/?rss_id=Boston+Globe++Business+News.Kotelnikov, V. 2008. Customer Satisfaction. Ten-3 Business E-coach. Retrieved January 23, 2008 from http//www.1000ventures.com/business_guide/crosscuttings/customer_satisfaction.html.United Airlines. 2008. Customer Commitment. United Airlines Inc. Retrieved January 23, 2008 from http//www.united.com/page/article/0,6722,1506,00.html.

Nursing And Diabetes Essay Example for Free

Nursing And Diabetes EssayPatients with diabetes need to control what diabetes is. Patients who understand what diabetes is and the complicated process associated with the disease ar more likely to comply with the prescribed regimen. Diabetes Mellitus is a syndrome with scatte rakehell-red metabolism and inappropriate hyperglycemia due to either a deficiency of insulin secretion or to a combination of insulin resistance and inadequate insulin secretion to compensate (Davis, 2001). Diabetes is a degenerative progressive disease that requires modus vivendi changes, especially in the aras of nutrition and physical activity. The overall goal of medical and nutritional therapy is to assist persons with diabetes in making self-directed behavioral changes that will improve their overall sanitaryness (Franz, 2012). Blood glucose monitor and goals of linage glucose superviseTesting seam glucose takes pre-meal and post-meal brook overhaul the longanimous with diabetes make better food choices, ground on how their bodies are responding to specific foods. Patients should be taught specific directions for obtaining an adequate line of descent sample and what to do with the poetry that they receive. Research has found that longanimouss who have had education on the use of their meters and how to interpret the data are more likely to perform self- ancestry glucose monitoring on a regular basis (Franz, 2012).There are m whatever another(prenominal) different glucose monitors available for patients. The patient needs to have a device that is easy for them to use and convenient. A patients visual acuity and dexterity skills should be assessed prior to selecting a blood glucose monitoring device. A device is usually selected to meet the patients needs in collaboration with a diabetic educator at a health care facility.The patient needs to be reminded to get into the blood glucose values on a log sheet with the date and time and any associated signs and s ymptoms that he/she is experiencing at the time the specimen was obtained. This log should be shared with his/her primary care practitioner.A word of glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) should accommodate the reasons for doing the test, how it is performed and how the health care practitioner will interpret the data. These laboratory tests are request on a routine basis along with other laboratory tests that are being monitored for the patient. A simple method to describe the HbA1c is to tell the patient that the test measures the come up of wampum that attaches to the protein in the red blood cellphone. The test shows the average blood sugar during the last three months. The higher the blood sugar the higher the HbA1c. The high blood sugar over a long period of time causes detriment to the large and small blood vessels therefore increasing the risk of complications from diabetes.Medications and InsulinThe patient with diabetes needs to be reminded that the assenting of medicati ons to help manage his/her diabetes is not because they are failing at diet management. Many patients with diabetes become downcast or despondent when they have to begin taking oral hyperglycemic medications and/or insulin. The teaching session should implicate a review of the different types of oral diabetic agents. A review of the different types of insulins and how to mix insulins should as well be discussed.Teach the patient about self-administration of insulin or oral agents as prescribed, and the importance of taking medications incisively as prescribed, in the appropriate dose (Davis, 2001). Patients should be provided with a list of signs and symptoms of hypoglycaemia and hyperglycemia and actions to light upon in each situation.Complications from DiabetesThe teaching regarding the complications encountered from diabetes should stress the effect of blood glucose control on long-term health (McGovern, 2002). The patient should be taught how to manage their diabetes whe n he/she has a minor illness, such(prenominal) as a cold, influenza or gastrointestinal virus. The patient should similarly be taught how to watch for diabetic effects on the cardiovascular system, such as cerebrovascular incidents/stroke, coronary artery disease, and peripheral vascular disease.Patients should be taught how to be terrific for signs of urinary tract, respiratory tract infections and signs of renal disease. Assessment for signs of diabetic neuropathy should overly be included in the teaching computer program. Diabetes is the leading cause of death by disease in the United States, it also is a contributing factor in about 50% of myocardial infarctions and about 75% of strokes as well as renal failure and peripheral vascular disease. Diabetes is also the leading cause of new blindness (McGovern, 2002).Patients with diabetes should also receive education on the importance of smoking cessation, cholesterol and lipid management, blood bosom monitoring and managemen t and management of other disease processes.Skin and Foot wieldTeach the patient to care for his feet by washing them daily, drying them carefully particularly between the toes, and inspecting for corns, calluses, redness, swelling, bruises, blisters, and breaks in the skin. The patient should be support to report any changes to his/her health care supplier as soon as feasible. Advise the patient to wear non-constricting shoes and to avoid walking barefoot. The patient may use over-the-counter athletes foot remedies to cure foot fungal infections and should be encouraged to call their health care provider if the athletes foot doesnt improve (McGovern, 2002). The patient should be reminded that he/she needs to encompass all injuries, cuts and blisters particularly on the legs or feet carefully.Patients should be aware that foot problems are a gross problem for patients with diabetes. Informing them of what to look for is an authoritative teaching concern. The signs and symptoms of foot problems to emphasize are feet that are cold, blueish or black in color, feet that are warm and red in color, foot swelling, foot bruise when resting or with activity, weak pulses in the feet, not feeling pain although there is a cut or sore on the foot, shiny smooth skin on the feet and lower legs ferment and DiabetesA centrist pitch loss of ten to twenty pounds has been known to improve hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia, and hypertension. The target goal for body freight for patients with diabetes is based on a reasonable or healthy body weight. Reasonable body weight is the weight an individual and health care professional acknowledge as achievable and maintainable, both short-run and long-term (Franz, 2012, p.8). More emphasis is now placed on waist circumference, rather than on existent weight.A waist circumference greater than 40 inches in men and greater than 35 inches in women indicates a risk for metabolic disease. This is now part of what is referred to as metabo lic syndrome. Reducing abdominal risque improves insulin sensitivity as well as lipid profiles. The benefits from exercise outcome from regular, long term, and aerobic exercise. Exercise used to increase muscle strength is an important means of preserving and increasing muscular strength and endurance and is useful in helping to pr notwithstandingt falls and increase mobility among the elderly (Franz, 2012).Regular exercise plenty improve the functioning of the cardiovascular system, improve strength and flexibility, improve lipid levels, improve glycemic control, help come down weight, and improve quality of conduct and self-esteem. Exercise increases the cellular glucose uptake by increasing the number of cell receptors. The following points should be considered in educating patients regarding beginning an exercise program. Exercise program must be individualize and built up slowly. Insulin is more rapidly absorbed when injected into a limb that is exercised, therefore can result in hypoglycemia (Ferri, 1999).Patients need to be informed that exercise of a high intensity can also cause blood glucose levels to be higher after exercise than before, even though blood glucose levels are in the modal(prenominal) range before beginning exercise. This hyperglycemia can also publish into the post-exercise state and is mediated by the counter-regulatory hormones (Franz, 2012, p. 62).The exercise program should include a five to ten indorsement warm-up and cool-down session. The warm-up increases core body temperature and prevents muscle injury and the cool-down session prevents blood pooling in the extremities and facilitates removal of metabolic by-products. Research studies show there are similar cardiorespiratory benefits that occur when activity is through in shorter sessions, (approximately 10 minutes) accumulated throughout the day than in activity sessions of prolonged sessions (greater than 30 minutes) (Franz, 2012). This is an important factor to emphasize with patients who dont think they have the time and energy for exercise.Diet and DiabetesThe American Diabetes Association (ADA) has established nutritional guidelines for patients with diabetes. Their focus is on achieving optimal metabolic outcomes related to glycemia, lipid profiles, and blood pressure levels. Patients with diabetes need to maintain a healthy diet consisting of multiple servings of fruits, vegetables, whole grains, low-fat dairy products, fish, thin meats, and poultry (Franz, 2012). The exchange diet of the ADA includes protein, bread, fruit, milk, and low and intermediate clams vegetables (Ferri, 1999).The food/meal computer programme is based on the individuals appetite, preferred foods, and usual schedule of food intake and activities, and ethnical preferences. Determination of caloric needs varies considerably among individuals, and is based on present weight and current level of energy. Required calories are about 40 kcal/kg or 20 kcal/lb per da y for adults with normal activity patterns (Davis, 2001). Emphasis should also be placed on maintaining a consistent day-to-day carbohydrate intake at meals and snacks.It is the carbohydrates that have the greatest impact on glycemia. A number of factors influence glycemic responses to foods, including the amount of carbohydrate, nature of the monosaccharide components, nature of the starch, cooking and food processing, and other food components (Franz, 2012, p.13). Maintaining a food daybook can help identify areas of weaknesses and how to prepare better menu plans.Recommendations for fiber intake are the analogous for patients with diabetes as for the general population. It is recommended that they increase the amount of fiber to approximately 50 grams per day in their diet. indissoluble and soluble globular fiber delay glucose absorption and attenuate the postprandial serum glucose peak, they also help to lower the elevated triglyceride levels often present in uncontrolled dia betes (Ferri, 1999). The discussion of diet management should also include a discussion of alcohol-dependent drink intake. Precautions regarding the use of alcohol that apply to the general public also apply to concourse with diabetes. Abstaining from alcohol should be advised for people with a history of alcohol abuse, during pregnancy, and for people with other medical conditions such as pancreatitis, advanced neuropathy, and elevated triglycerides.The effects of alcohol on blood glucose levels is dependent on the amount of alcohol ingested as well as the relationship to food intake. Because alcohol cannot be used as a source of glucose, hypoglycemia can result when alcohol is ingested without food. The hypoglycemia can persist from eight to twelve hours after the last drink of alcohol. When alcohol is ingested in reliever and with food, blood glucose levels are not affected by the ingestion of moderate amounts of alcohol. If the patient plans to consume alcoholic beverages th ey are to be included in the meal plan. The patient should be reminded that no food should be omitted because of the possibility of alcohol induced hypoglycemia (Franz, 2012).Coping with DiabetesThe patient needs to understand that the diagnosis of diabetes mellitus as with any chronic illness can be unexpected and potentially devastating. Grief is the most popular reaction of an individual diagnosed with diabetes. Resolution of the grief is dependent on variables such as education, economics, geography, and religious and heathen factors. The support of family and friends affects the long-term acceptance of the disease progression. Patients need to be aware that depression is common with chronic diseases such as diabetes. The depression should be recognized and treated as soon as possible since depression can affect glycemic control and complicate the management of the diabetes (Buttaro, 2008).The patient needs to understand that diabetes is a lifelong disease process that require s a lifetime commitment and lifestyle changes. The patient should be enlightened about empowerment having the resources and knowing how and when to use them. The skills of empowerment that help the patient reflect on life satisfaction in the following areas physical, mental, spiritual, family related, social, work related, financial, personal.The patient should be encouraged to establish goals which emphasize at least two of these areas in which he/she has control. In the session of coping with diabetes the patient should be aided to develop better problem solving skills, which are necessary to manage a life-long disease such as diabetes. Coping with diabetes should also include stress management concepts. Stress management concepts should include a definition of stress, the bodys reaction to stress, the effects of stress on diabetes management, identifying stressors, identifying methods of coping, relaxation exercises and identifying support systems to criticise into.Management of the disease process should include eliminating or minimizing other cardiovascular risk factors for example blood pressure control, lipid control, and smoking cessation. Patients with diabetes should also be instructed on what to do when they become sick with a cold, flu, gastrointestinal virus, or other minor illness. They need to be aware that these minor illnesses can affect their diabetes and blood glucose levels (McGovern, 2002). Instruction on what to do when they become ill and the importance of continuing to take their diabetes medications and/or insulin and other general care should be discussed.Some basic guidelines for management during an illness or sick-day include maintain adequate hydration because of the risk of dehydration from decreased fluid intake, polyuria, vomiting, diarrhea, and evaporative losses from fever. Patient should be instructed to drink at least eight ounces of calorie free liquids every hour while they are awake. The beverages should be caffeine-f ree, since caffeine acts as a diuretic and can actually increase the chances of hypovolemia. If the patient is unable(p) to tolerate fluids by mouth, antiemetic suppositories or intravenous fluids may be required. Vomiting that is persistent and unconquerable may require emergency room care. The patient should be encouraged to perform blood glucose monitoring more frequently while he/she is ill and to initiate urine ketone monitoring with urine dipsticks, during the illness (Franz, 2012).The patient should be instructed to continue taking his/her insulin and/or oral antidiabetic agents while ill and even when unable to eat. The omission of insulin is a common cause of ketosis and can result in a serious condition called diabetic ketoacidosis. The patient should be given a list of foods that contain troubled acting carbohydrates that they can consume when they experience signs and symptoms of hypoglycemia.Patients should be encouraged to seek regular ophthalmologic examinations to detect for diabetic retinopathy. Regular dental examinations should also be encouraged to evaluate to potential areas that can become give and possible oral lesions.Summary The teaching program for the patients with diabetes is designed to be held for six sessions. However, the sessions can be lengthened or shortened to meet the needs of the intended audience. These two to three hour sessions forfeit the patient to absorb the material that is being taught and to be able to ask questions. The learning needs are focused on managing their glucose levels and preventing complications of diabetes. The patient needs to be educated on the multiple disease processes associated with diabetes and the factors poignant each of these areas.The patient also needs to have the knowledge of how to manage their diabetes when they are ill and monition signs that they are hypo/hyperglycemic. Diabetic patients should be advised to contact their health care provider any time they are unsure what to d o or have questions on how to manage their disease. There are many teaching handouts and pamphlets that are available free of charge from the various agencies. These handouts are available on a wide variety of subjects that can be used with the teaching plan. The evaluation criteria for the teaching plan would include an evaluation tool in which the patients could complete anonymously at the end of the program.ReferencesButtaro, T.M., Trybulski, J., Bailey, P.P., Sandberg-Cook, J. (2008).Primary Care A Collaborative Practice, 3rd. Edition. Philadelphia, PA Mosby, Inc.NO Davis, A. (2001). Adult Nurse Practitioner Certification Review. Philadelphia, PA Mosby, Inc.Ferri, F. (2012). clinical Advisor Instant Diagnosis and Treatment. Philadelphia, PA Mosby, Inc.NO Franz, M. (Ed.) (2001). Diabetes Management Therapies A Core Curriculum for Diabetes Education. quaternary Edition. Chicago, IL American Association of Diabetes Educators.Franz, M. (2012). American Diabetes Association Guide to Nutrition Therapy for Diabetes, 2nd Edition. Alexandria, VA American Diabetes Association.Herfindal, E. and Gourley D. (2000). text of Therapeutics Drug and Disease Management. Seventh Edition. Philadelphia, PA Lippincott Williams and Wilkins.NO McGovern, K., Devlin, M., Lange, E., and Mann, N. (Eds.) (2002). Disease Management for Nurse Practitioners. Springhouse, PA Springhouse Corporation.

Third World Debt Resolutions Essay Example for Free

Third World Debt Resolutions Essay1One fact is undeniable some unrivaled is going to prevail to pay for past debts. It could be the people in debitor countries, or the banks, or the people in advanced industrial countries. Most likely it will be some crew of these three groups. In the last ten years, at that place down been a variety of proposals which, unfortunately, usually glint only the special interests of the groups proposing them. Generally speaking, these solutions fall into three categories debunking, minor adjustments in repayments, or reduction. Debt repudiation, in the good sense of a unilateral cessation of repayment, occurred in a enactment of countries Bolivia, Brazil, Costa Rica, Domini crumb Republic, Ecuador, Honduras, Nicaragua, Panama, and Peru.With the exception of the Peruvian cessation, however, most of these actions have been taken with assurances that the stoppages were only temporary. Peru announced that it was unilaterally limiting its debt re payments to a percentageage of its exportation earnings and since Peru took this action, other nations have indicated that they will act similarly. There have been no serious proposals for a widespread and coordinated repudiation of global debt.The economist Jeffrey Sachs offers several reasons for this absence of a general repudiation.First, debt repudiation is a dramatic and abrupt act. Most nations would prefer to defer such decisions as long as there are advantages to muddling through, and turnth prospects are sufficiently ambiguous to make this muddling a viable course. Second, debtor countries fear retaliation from commercial banks. If the banks were to cut off nondebt related activities, such as trade credits, the side could be do even worse. Third, the debtor countries fear retaliation from creditor governments and multilateral lending agencies. Grants from cultivation banks could be affected, and trade relations would probably be seriously disrupted. Finally, the leade rs of most of the debtor countries have interests in maintaining good relations with the racyer countries, and repudiation would jeopardize these interests.Repudiation would also seriously disrupt global sparing relations, probably far beyond the immediate losses of the debts themselves. Retaliations would follow, because it would be politically im likely for lenders not to react, and because there would be a conscious effort to warn other potential defaulters against similar action. The escalation of economic state of war would have the effect of sharply reducing international economic interactions in trade, investiture, and exchange. Such an outcome is in no ones interest.The vast bulk of activity since 1982 has involved adjusting the timing and method of repayment. The number of specific proposals is bewildering.One whoremonger read active debt-equity swaps, in which businesses or properties in the debtor country are purchased at a discount by the banks as partial repaymen t debt-for-debt swaps, where bonds are offered as discounted repayments exit bonds, which are long-run bonds tendered essentially as take-it-or-leave-it offers to creditors who have no interest in investing any further and indirect request to cut their losses or cash buy-backs, where the debtor country simply buys back its loan at a deep discount. Some of these proposals, notably the debt-for-nature swaps, where the debtor country promises to protect the environment in top for purchases of the debt by outside groups, are creative and could have important effects.This array of proposals is referred to as a plug-in approach to debt repayment, and its logic is superficially sound. It was the logic of the plan offered by Secretary of the Treasury James bread maker in 1985. By providing a number of different options, repayments can be tailored to the specific bunch of a country, thereby easing the burden. Critical to the success of the menu approach is the assumption that countries w ill grow out of their debt. Yet, the evidence suggests that this assumption is not entirely sound. This approach further assumes the repayment of debts on cost that are essentially dictated by the creditors. No lender is obligated to accept any one of these possibilities. Moreover, the opportunities for swaps and buy backs are limited there are, after all, a relatively small number of investment opportunities in poorer countries, and the debt crisis itself has further limited those possibilities.Finally, some of these swaps can actually increase the drain on the enceinte of a country, particularly if profit remittances on successful investments turn out to be very high. The last(a) proposals have to do with debt reduction, and these only became a real possibility in the spring of 1989 with the announcement of a new plan, dubbed the Brady Plan, after U.S. Secretary of the Treasury Nicholas Brady. The plan originally called for a total reduction of about 20 percent of global debt, with the IMF and the World Bank offering guarantees for the repayment of the other 80 percent of the debt.Since 1989, Argentina, Brazil, Costa Rica, Mexico, Morocco, the Philippines, and Venezuela have reached agreements concerning their debts under the auspices of the Brady proposal.This approach recognizes that many of the menu approaches were, in fact, schemes for debt reduction on a case-by-case basis. This formal recognition of the need for systematic debt reduction is a hopeful sign, alone the plan clearly does not go far enough. In market terms, developing-country debt is already selling on the secondary market at about thirty-five cents to the dollar. In other words, debt reduction has already occurred in the marketplace, and any plan that incorporates reductions must take this into account.There are some serious problems with debt reduction. Debt reduction could abbreviate the incentive for debtor nations to make economic changes that could lead to greater efficiency. Or, it could set a precedent that would have the effect of reducing, or even eliminating, the possibility for any in store(predicate) bank lending for economic development projects. Finally, debt reduction could have the effect of saddling public lending agencies, like the World Bank, with enormous burdens, thereby vitiating their future in force(p)ness.These concerns are genuine. Counterposed to these possibilities, however, is the stark reality of hundreds of millions of people living in desperate conditions with no hope of patronage in the near- or medium-term future. Any plan for easing the debt burden, therefore, must try to incorporate a number of legitimate, but competing, concerns of varying importance.First, the repayment of the debt itself has ceased to be the central concern. Private banks obviously have an interest in the repayment of the debt and, to the extent possible, these interests must be accommodated. But the security of the international banking system is no li felong at risk, and that, as a legitimate public concern, can no longer dictate possible necessary actions. The central concerns now are the reestablishment of economic growth in the heavily indebted countries, the effective and meaningful distribution of that growth into all sectors of their societies, and their reintegration into the international economic system. Only after sustained economic growth returns to the heavily indebted countries can the international community even begin to determine directed rates and methods of debt repayment.Second, the International Monetary Fund must fundamentally reassess its policies. Programs of structural adjustment whitethorn be detach for the original purpose of the IMF-to assist nations having temporary difficulties in maintaining currency values because of passing(a) balance-of-payments difficulties. But these programs are profoundly counterproductive in current circumstances and, indeed, are guided by a wildly inappropriate perspectiv e. The inflows of capital to the IMF from the heavily indebted countries were more than a gross perplexity they were conclusive evidence of the IMFs misunderstanding of the causes of the debt crisis. The IMF should shift its perspective to more creative or appropriate shipway of stabilizing or depressing interest rates rather than raising them, or ways to anticipate capital flight from developing countries, or any number of issues that concern the specific conditions of economic growth. The automatic application of a model of economic growth is wrongheaded.Third, the resolution of the debt crisis depends upon a clear recognition that practically of the debt, as formally constituted, will not, because it cannot, be repaid. Some countries, such as those in sub-Saharan Africa, ought not to repay their debts. Other countries, particularly the heavily indebted ones, can pay something on their debts, and perhaps the appropriate percentage is about half. Viewed in this light, the real question becomes one of allocating the costs of this nonpayment of debts. The current furiousness of forcing the poor to pay with broken lives and broken spirits is demeaning to both rich and poor, and ill-serves the long-term interests of rich as well as poor.Finally, there are genuine issues of responsibility that deserve to be made explicit. The debt crisis is only a symptom of an international economic system that tolerates growing and abysmal poverty as a normal condition. This need not, and should not, be the case. The developed countries have a responsibility to create conditions whereby the poorer countries can interact more productively in international economic activities their single most important piece to this end might be in the area of reducing trade restrictions on the products of poorer countries.Similarly, the developing countries have a responsibility to see that money is more effectively utilized within their own borders. The grubby personal benefit accumula ted by such leaders as Marcos of the Philippines and Mobutu of Zaire should not be fostered by the strategic interests of other countries. The banks should also face up to the fact that their single-minded pursuit of profits almost led them to the brink of bankruptcy. The lesson to be learned from this experience is that for economic growth to be sustained, airless attention must be paid to the mutual interests of all parties involved.1Ferraro, V and Rosser, M (1994) , World earnest Challenges for a New Century, (New York St. Martins Press)

Henry Lee Lucas Essay Example for Free

Henry Lee Lucas EssayHenry Lee Lucas On July 11th 1983, a drifter named Henry Lee Lucas was arrested for illegal possession of a fire arm by a felon. Lucas was non at all happy about being locked up, because they were purportedly depriving him of cigarettes and coffee. afterward being locked up for 4 days, he admitted to one of the jailers that he had done somewhat bad things. He told that he had annihilateed for the last 10 years. He was already a suspect in 2 murders, and the offices were sure that they would soon puzzle adequacy information to close these 2 cases. Lucas admitted that he had killed Kate Rich and Becky Powell. While in court for these murders, he admitted that hed had sex with the body, cut it into pieces and burned it in a wood stove. He in any case say that he had killed at least a hundred more. Police started questioning Lucas about other un fixed murders all everywhere the country. He would admit to them and tell them some details about the crime that would marry him to it. Over a peak of clock time, he started offering more information about murders that he had not even been questioned about.He tell that he usually picked up hitchhikers then he would quickly kill them and oblige sex with the body because he preferred sexual contact with a corpse. He loosely used a knife or strangulation, but said that he liked to try diametrical methods so that he didnt leave a pattern for the practice of law to follow. Lucas also later confessed to cleanup position his let. He said that she was an alcoholic and was mean to him. Some claims say that she supported the family by bootlegging and prostitution. Lucas claimed that his fret made him watch her entertain her clients.He claims that after walking out of the room one time because he was disgusted with her actions, she found him and hit him in the head with a wooden board. He said that after that, he had dizzy spells and headaches. On January 11, 1960, Lucas and his mother go t into an argument and Lucas grabbed a knife and plunged it into her neck. He was convicted of sulphur degree murder and strong beliefd to 20 years. He served 10. Another claim that he made was that of one of his mothers clients. He said that this man turned him on to bestiality by showing him how to have sex with the corpse of a dog or sheep.He said that he first killed person just before he turned 15. He said that the reason was so that he could fascinate what it felt like to have sex with a human. Lucas had a traveling companion/lover named Odis Toole. Toole supposedly assisted Lucas in these heinous crimes. Tooles niece, Becky Powell, began to travel with them. Lucas began to fall in love with her. He decided to take Becky for himself, so he and Becky left Toole and went to TX. Toole was not happy about them leaving. He had lost his longtime(prenominal) lover and his niece. He supposedly killed several people over a 6 month period of time.He also confessed to kidnapping and killing a small boy named, Adam Walsh. Adams father was inspired after the killing of his son, to start the popular show, Americas Most Wanted. After liveliness in TX for a while, Becky wanted to come home. Lucas resisted, but later told her to gather her things. They began to hitchhike. He go along trying to get her to change her mind. She did not. At one point, they got into an argument and she slapped him. He took his knife and stabbed her in the heart. He drug her off over and embankment and had sex with her corpse. He cut her up into 9 pieces and spread them over a field.He later returned and gathered the pieces and buried them under a tree. He then returned to where they were living in TX, and to a lady named Kate Rich. He wanted to kill again. He asked Kate if she wanted to help him bet for Becky (knowing that she was dead). She agreed and went with him. He drove to the end of a dirt road and stabbed Kate in the side, puncturing her heart. He was at once aroused. He dragge d her from the car and had sex with her body. He cut her up, also, and took her back to where they were living in TX and put her in a stove to burn her remains.After much investigation, and examination of the times and places that some of the murders took place that Lucas had admitted to , police began to question whether or not he was telling the truth. They later figured out that he was hypocrisy about several of the instances, because some of them were even committed when he was locked up for other crimes that he had committed. It was also found that he was known to be in a different place when he claimed to have killed in another state many miles away. Lucas claimed to have committed over 360 murders.It was eventually claimed that the police were so interested in closing some of their open murder cases that they would show Lucas the case files to refresh his fund. He in turn used it to his benefit by tying himself to the murders by telling yard that was never released to the p ublic. The police actually cleared around 213 cases through Lucas confessions. He was convicted of only 11 homicides although some criminologist say that he was responsible for between 40-50 murders. In 1998, Gov. George W. Bush of TX commuted the death penalty that Lucas was handed, to a sentence of life.

Norman Conquest 1066 Essay Example for Free

Norman Conquest 1066 Essay queen mole rat Edward had taken a vow of chastity, so upon his death in 1066 there was lack of a light-headed heir to the thr bingle. There were 3 contenders * William of Normandy nephew of Edward, claimed that Edward promised him the throne and that Harold II of had sworn agreement to this. * Harold II riches and omnipotent of the side of meat aristocracy. * Harald III of Norway based on previous agreement between Magnus of Norway and the earlier Danish magnate, where if either died without a heir to their throne, the other would inherit Eng knock down and Norway. Harold II was immediately elected as world-beater by the pro-Saxon Witan as they feared there could be invasions from abroad.Harald III of Norway invaded Harold II in the Battle of Stamford Bridge(28th September 1066). Harold II win but lost many in battle. Just days later, William of Normandy invaded Harold II in the Battle of battle of Hastings (14th October 1066). Here Harold II died in battle with an arrow through his eye, leaving the throne to William of Normandy. William became world-beater in 1066 and the Norman Conquest left the Saxons conquered by the Normans.* Prior to the conquest, all impartiality was written and spoken in English, whilst after the conquest law was to be written in Latin and occasionally cut. Slowly English returned to the courts, but many French and Latin terms were adopted. Hence why today, the English language is juxtaposed to French/Latin that Old English. * Stronger central government courts of the King began to take many of the functions that were traditionally use by the hundred moots and shire moots. Legal recordings were taken much more seriously with legal practices organism written down and recorded in the Doomsday book.* Feudalism/land ownership King became the final ruler of all land in England (Crown owned all land). Anyone who owned land, owed their allegiance to the King and if you werent loyal to the King, he could take away your land. If you owned land, you really middling owned a prenomen to that land which the King lends you. Today Crown passive owns all land. * Trial by Battle was introduced women, King, elderly, could prefer a warrior to fighting for them. If the warrior was quiet standing when the stars came out it was seen as not guilty. It rested on the precondition that a divine mightiness would intervene and whoevers case was just would triumph. Over time, people became skeptical and it was abolished.Norman conquest is seen as the traditional starting point of English Common Law. It ensured that both common law and civil law systems remained. NZ uses this common law system that William retained from Harold. Today in NZ we still debase land in fee simple to the Crown. Our legal system still contains some the Latin and French words that were adopted after the Norman Conquest.Magna Carta 1215King nates was not a popular queen as he treated his people very poorly, he was seen as a tyrant. He also caused serious arguments amongst Pope Innocent III and the English Barons. Pope Innocent III wanted Stephen Langton as Archbishop of Canterbury but antic wanted John De Grey. As John would not accept Langton, the Pope set England under interdict (suspends all religious life) and declares Johns kingdom forfeit and encourages King Phillip of France to invade. John at long last accepts Langton and surrenders the kingdom back to the Pope and receives it back as a fiefdom. King John is like a shot under the Pope in hierarchy. King John was also unsuccessful in battle, having lost land back to France.This meant less money flowing into England, so John started taxing people of England. It had always been customary that the King consult with the Barons before raising taxes. The Barons agreed to make war on King John if he didnt sign a charter affirming the rights of the Barons. After attempting to break up the Barons from bribery, John change surfacetual ly signs. The Magna Carta included promises to protect freedom and rights of the church and to consult with the Barons more closely on taxes, and to guarantee sealed rights to all free men. Immediately after this, John asks the Pope to declare Magna Carta null and void. The Barons encourage Prince Louis of France to invade. King John suddenly dies of dysentery, and Henry III becomes King. Every new king from then on go out reissue/sign the Magna Carta.So much of the common law was based upon the Magna Carta that is was seen as one of the integral documents of England. speak tos began citing Magna Carta to support patterns and concepts that did not exist when it was effectd. It influenced the content of other documents that protect peoples rights such as Americas wit of recompenses, and NZs.It was the first document in English history that limited the authority of the monarch. Until then there was the belief that the Monarch could do whatever they pleased. This established the rule that no one is higher than the law. It marked that power was being shared by more people. The Magna Carta also stated that a council of 25 Barons would be created to advise the King which some people argue is the start of parliament in common law. ask of Right 1628King Charles upset Parliament during his reign from 1625 1649. He married a Roman Catholic called Henrietta, protected anti-protestant writers and sought to wage was in Europe on behalf of his Roman Catholic in-laws. It looked like he was favouring Roman Catholics and letting them into the monarchy. When Parliament refused to give Charles the money he needed to fight a battle in Europe, he started taxing the people of England without the consent of he Parliament.This went against a principle established nearly 300 years ago. Parliament responded by issuing the Petition of Right in 1628. It outlined the abuses the King had committed and formally requested that the King rectify his abuses. The Petition of Right wa s just a soft, light not harsh piece of legislation. Just a set of rules that the King was meant to follow. Charles fundamentally ignored the Petition of Right and ruled without a Parliament from 1629-1640. This led to the English Civil struggle where Charles eventually lost and was executed by Parliament. The Monarchy was abolished until 1660.Ruled without Parliament for 11 years. on with the Magna Carta, the Petition of Right are the constitutional foundational documents of England. The Petition of Right and most important aspects of the English shoot of Rights are still part of NZ law and is still in force today.English Civil WarAfter the Petition or Right was issued to King Charles in 1628, he dissolved Parliament in 1629 and refused to call it for eleven years. But in 1640 he needed money again to ward of the threat of a putsch from Scotland so he reconvened Parliament to ask for the funds. Parliament only agreed to give Charles the funds if he agreed to discuss the abuses t hat had occurred during his reign as ruler by himself. Parliament took in Henrietta (Charles Roman Catholic wife) for questioning under the fear that Roman Catholicism was creeping into power. In retaliation Charles stormed an armed academic term of Parliament with his own army and the English Civil War ensued between the Monarchists and Parliamentarians.Charles was defeated as King in 1645 and escaped to the Island of Whit. He was recaptured in 1647 and sent to permanent exile. The House of Commons passed a limited statute that created a special court to trial King Charles for trea boy. Charles was executed in 1649, being the first and only monarch to be executed which was r ontogenyary. It showed that Power was shifting upwards and showed that everyone is subject to the law even the King. Another main consequence was the Parliament was now supreme with a shift in power from the Monarchy to Parliament. This allowed for the responsibility of law making and then came Prime Ministe rs.Glorious Revolution 1688King Charles II had no legitimate children, so when he died his brother crowd became King King crowd II. King James II did a chip of things that upset Parliament, reminding them of King Charles I (Petition of Right and Civil War). He was a Roman Catholic and baptized his son as a Roman Catholic. He gave Catholics a number of prominent jobs in Government. He proclaimed religious freedom for non-Anglicans and suspended Parliament when it criticized him on the higher up topics. Members of the House of Lords invited Dutch nobleman William of Orange to invade and become new king. William of Orange was married to James II daughter Mary, so they could argue that the throne was staying in the family. William easily defeated James who fled to France. Parliament declared that James had abdicated the throne and it was vacant. In 1689, Parliament appointed William and Mary as joint sovereigns and issued the Bill of Rights.Consequences -Bill of Rights 1689In the B ill of Rights, Parliament makes the appointment of William and Mary as joint sovereigns conditional on the following principles Without Parliament, the sovereign cannot suspend or create laws, make new courts, impose new taxes, create or maintain an army in peacetime etc.Along with Magna Carta and Petition of Right, the Bill of Right is a constitutional document for the English legal system. About 100 years after the English Bill of Rights was drawn up, the American Bill of Right was passed. The most significant parts of the Bill of Rights are still part of the NZ Bill or Rights, which is still in force in NZ today.EquityRefers to the separate evolution of the Equity Courts.During the reign of Edward I, he formed three great courts1. The Kings Bench2. The Court of Common Pleas3. The ExchequerThe Exchequer court was a governmental office split into the Exchequer(fiscal) and the Chancery (secretarial). Along with administering writs, the Chancery had to reflect a reserve of nicety in the King by trying to arrest fairness into the legal system. Equity worked by allowed a person to succeed against an individual for a incorrupt or religious wrong, even if that same person was legally in the right. The Chancellor initially administered justice to people who came to him under the Maxims of Equity he who comes with equity must come with clean hands. Equity worked (examples of son taking money and neighbors tree) by the Chancellor deciding what was right in the eyeball of the church and the eyes of clarity.Over time, Equity as a means of obtaining justice became popular enough for the Courts of Equity to be established. In 1616, King James I, ruled that equity was to take precedent over common law, allowing the King to exert some control over his supposedly separated judges.This system was very flexible as to how the law was applied to different situations. The point of equity was that each individual case was to be discrete on the points of that case alone so the most just outcome could be reached. Thus it became class that the Court of Equity was not bound by precedent, giving rise to the aphorism equity varies as the length of the chancellors foot.